Skip to main content

This page has been translated using TexTra by NICT. Please note that the translation may not be completely accurate.If you find any mistranslations, we appreciate your feedback on the "Request form for improving the automatic translation ".

Description of demand items covered in the GDP Dashboard

The chart provides definitions of each demand component of GDP on the expenditure side. These items reflect actual economic activity, including consumption and investment activities by households, businesses and the government, as well as transactions with foreign countries. They form the basis for understanding the breakdown of gross domestic product (GDP).

Table of Contents

List of demand items

Private final consumption expenditure

Household final consumption expenditure

This is the amount of spending on goods and services by households with residents in Japan. The amount of consumption by residents in Japan is estimated by subtracting the amount of consumption in Japan by non-residents from the amount of consumption in Japan and adding the amount of consumption overseas by residents.

Final consumption expenditure of domestic households (13 categories)

Expenditures on goods and services by households in Japan, which are divided into 13 categories according to purpose, such as "food and non-alcohol" and "alcoholic beverages and tobacco." For specific categories of goods and services, refer to " Accounts" in "Cabinet Office National Accounts Estimation Method Handbook (Annual Estimates) 2015 () " through "Table 7-1 List of 88 Purpose Categories of Domestic Household Final Consumption Expenditure" in "Chapter 7 GDP (Expenditure Side) Estimation."

Direct purchases in Japan by non-resident households

This is the amount of spending on goods and services in Japan by households that do not reside in Japan. It is mainly the amount of spending by foreign tourists (so-called inbound) who have come to Japan.

Direct overseas purchases by resident households

This is the amount of spending on goods and services by households residing in Japan overseas. It is mainly the amount of spending by Japanese travelers to foreign countries (so-called outbound tourists).

Final consumption expenditure of private non-profit institutions serving households

Expenditures by non-profit organizations that provide non-market goods and services to households. Non-profit organizations include private schools, nursing care facilities, religious organizations, etc. This item is not covered in the dashboard. If necessary, refer to the page of Annual Estimates of National Accounts of Cabinet Office.

Private house

Expenses for construction and renovation of houses, brokerage fees to real estate companies at the time of purchase of houses, etc., by households (owners of own houses) and private companies are recorded.
In the case of purchasing a used house, brokerage fees, etc. are recorded, and the house price itself is not recorded.

Private sector equipment (13 categories)

The amount of investment in intangible assets by private companies, such as equipment introduced for production, software, and R & D, is recorded. This dashboard can be viewed by 13 asset classifications, such as "Transportation machinery" and "Computer software." For specific asset classifications, please refer to the explanation in " Glossary (Cabinet Office) (PDF format) ."

Private inventory change

This shows the extent to which inventories held by private companies have increased or decreased from the previous period. Year-on-year changes or changes from the previous period are not calculated because inventory changes can be zero or negative. Inventory changes are estimated for four categories: "Raw materials," "Work in process," "Finished goods," and "Distributed goods." For details, please refer to "Japan's National Accounts in Response to the 2015 sna (2015 Standard Version)" in "Revision of 2008 Standard of National Accounts (2015) (Cabinet Office) ." 2015

Government final consumption expenditure (69 categories)

This is the amount of expenditure on public services, etc., by the general government, such as the central government and local governments. The classification is based on international standards, and is first divided into 10 categories by function, such as "general public services," "health," and "education," and each category is further divided into 69 detailed categories.
Please refer to "Revision of the 2015 (2015) Standard of the National Accounts (2015) (Cabinet Office) " through "Appendix 6: General Government Expenditures Classified by Function" in "Japanese National Accounts Corresponding to the 2008 sna (2015 (2015) Standard Version)."

Public fixed capital formation (14 categories)

This is the amount of investment by the general government and public corporations in intangible assets such as equipment installed for production activities, software, and R & D. In this dashboard, assets are classified into 14 asset categories such as "Housing," "Transportation machinery," and "Computer software." For specific asset categories, please refer to the explanation in " Glossary (Cabinet Office) (PDF format) ."

Change in official inventories

This shows the degree to which inventories held by the general government and public enterprises have increased or decreased from the previous period. Examples of inventories held by the government and public enterprises include national oil stockpiling and stockpiled rice. For details, refer to "Japan's National Accounts in Response to the 2015 sna (2015 Standard Version)" in "Revision of the 2008 Standard of National Accounts (2015) (Cabinet Office) ." 2015

Exports of goods and services (6 categories)

Exports of goods produced in Japan and services provided to foreign companies are accounted for. So-called inbound consumption is also included. On this dashboard, consumption is classified into six categories, such as "Goods," "Transportation," and "Travel." For specific categories, please refer to the explanation in "Chapter 6: Estimation of Accounts" in "Cabinet Office National Accounts Estimation Method Handbook (Annual Estimates) 2015 () ." 2015

Imports of goods and services (6 categories)

This accounts for expenditures on imports of goods produced overseas and services provided by foreign companies. These are items that are deducted from GDP because they are not value added produced in Japan. On this dashboard, items are classified into six categories, such as "Goods," "Transportation," and "Travel." For specific categories, please refer to the explanation in "Chapter 6: Estimates of Accounts" in "Cabinet Office National Accounts Estimation Method Handbook (Annual Estimates) 2015 () ." 2015

Framework of demand items

Demand items can be divided into a larger framework of "domestic demand" and "external demand," and domestic demand is further divided into "private demand" and "public demand." This division makes it easier to analyze which parts of the economy support growth. The correspondence between these classifications and demand items is shown below.

  • Domestic demand
    • Private demand
      • Private final consumption expenditure
      • Private house
      • Private sector facilities
      • Private inventory change
    • Public demand
      • Government final consumption expenditure
      • Public fixed capital formation
      • Change in official inventories
  • External demand
    • Exports of goods and services
    • Import of goods and services (credit)