Study Group on the Promotion of Utilization of the Well-Being Index (9th meeting)

Overview

Date: July 14, 2025 (Mon) 13:00 to 15:00
Location: Online
Agenda:
1. Opening
2. Agenda
  1. Well-Being Index 2025 Nationwide Survey Results
    1. Results of the 2025 National Survey and SCIJ Second Layer
    2. Status of OASIS and other training programs / Promotion and dissemination of indicators
    3. Introduction of examples of index utilization Announcement by Higashihiroshima City, Hiroshima Prefecture
  2. Provision of Index Data to Promote the Use of the Community Well-Being Index
  3. Overview of ISO25554 and Efforts to Develop the Technical Report
3. Exchange of views

Material

References

Study Group on Promotion of Utilization of Community Well-Being Index (PDF / 133 kb)

Minutes

Tada (Digital Agency): Ladies and gentlemen, It is now on time, so we will now hold the 9th Review Meeting on the Promotion of Utilization of the Community Happiness (Well-Being) Index.
Today, the selected organizations will be in the audience, but they will only be in the audience, so please turn off the camera and microphone so that there is no sound.
I would like to introduce the three new members of the Study Group, who are experts and observers.
First of all, Mr. Makiko Nakamuro, a professor at Keio University's School of Public Policy and Management, will participate as a new member.
Next, Ms. Minako Hosono is a senior researcher of the Human State Design Research Team, Well-being Implementation Research Center, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology.
Next is Mr. Yuji Yoshimura, Project Associate Professor of Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology.
Thank you very much.
In addition, Japan has newly participated as an observer in Children and Families Agency.
We look forward to working with all of you who have joined us recently.
From here on, I would like to ask Mr. Maeno, the chairman, to lead the proceedings. Thank you very much.

Maeno Chair: Yes. Hello, everyone. I am the chairman, Takashi Maeno. Nice to meet you.
I think there will be a lot of announcements from local governments and from Mr. Nagumo today, so I would like to proceed sequentially. The first one is from Mr. Nagumo.

Mr. Nagumo: Mr. Yes, I will speak first.
Around this time every year, we have an opportunity to present new data in the form of a report on the results of this year's questionnaire.
Also, in the latter part, as I have reported to the Advisory Panel each time, I will give a two step report on the status of development and implementation.
First of all, there is a lot of content today, but in discussions with Dr. Hiroshi Suzuki and Dr. Yoshiki Ishikawa, it was thought that it would be better to include new methods, and it contains content that we did exactly that.

(Material 2, p. 4) This is part of the previous report material. On the lower left, there is the Well-Being index. This is what the Advisory Council has been doing for a long time. In the form of the SCIJ Global Second Layer, which is the dark yellow part, we are trying to add questionnaire items that had not existed before.
The idea is to include questions like those used by the U.N., OECD, and Gallup, and to explore the possibility of including comparability to a certain extent in major surveys such as opinion polls on the lives of the people of Cabinet Office, rather than doing so in isolation.

(p. 5) Specific questions have been added. Those in yellow green are questions that Mr. Digital Agency has also added this time. Those in pink are questions that the Smart City Institute has independently added.
There are a lot of things, but it is difficult to reflect everything at once on the Digital Agency dashboard, so we are taking a step-by-step approach, in which the Smart City Institute conducts a survey by hand, and the dashboard is loaded from the Smart City Institute.
As you can see, there were not many attributes until now. We have focused on expanding the base by relatively increasing the sample size of municipalities. First of all, we did not take attribute data. We will increase various angles of analysis a little qualitatively.
And in the pink area, it says life evaluation, and you can add questions used in Gallup and the World Happiness Report.
Eudaimonia and emotions used in the OECD, and the richness of mind used in the Cabinet Office survey. This time, I included free descriptions, so there will be a word cloud later. I hope you can expect to see something interesting.

(p. 7) In short, in terms of structure, life evaluation and life variation, which are circled in red on the leftmost side of this figure, have been added.
I think this is the interesting part of this time.

(p. 8) Regarding the questionnaire this time, it is in the form of data for 86000 people. I said 100,000 people last time, but the number of samples has decreased a little as the attribute data has increased. There is such a trade-off relationship.

(p. 10) First of all, the results of the overall survey, which is shown every year, if you look at the bar graph, the left side shows the level of happiness, and the right side shows the level of life satisfaction, overall, male and female, and by age group.
What you can see at a glance is that the data is stable. You can say that it can be trusted.
Until last year, the thinnest blue part was the data from other vendors, so the height was a little different. This time, we are collecting data from the same vendor in the same way for three years, which is a stable three years.
The yellow dot is in the form of a moving average. I think you can see that this is also roughly constant.
As a trend of this year, the level of happiness is slightly decreasing, but one of the characteristics is that the level of life satisfaction is increasing.
I think there is a slight difference between the 2020 version of the Cabinet Office Life Satisfaction Survey, which is 5.89, and our version, which is 6.68. This can also be said to be an interesting trend.

(p. 11) This is a year-on-year comparison of happiness five years later. This is the right side. The left side is almost the same as before. If you look at it with this, I think it is a stable situation. Then, Professor Uchida's cooperative happiness, the left side is also stable.

(p. 12) On the right is this time's new life variation, life evaluation (life evaluation).
It's 5.9 overall and 6.15 in the World Happiness Report, so it tends to be a little low. The waveform is the same as before in the sense that it's U-shaped. Even the height of women is the same as that of men.

(p. 13) The level of satisfaction when broken down into 24 factors is the same as in the previous year. Green is the previous year and orange is the current year, but it is generally stable, and the areas circled in blue are areas of high satisfaction such as medical care and welfare, shopping and eating and drinking, housing environments, compulsory primary and secondary education, public space, blessings of nature, and health conditions. The bottom of the Maslow's hierarchy of needs of Japanese people is strong. On the other hand, the red areas are weakened every year, but this is a sense of lack of time for play and entertainment.
Diversity and tolerance, employment and income, and business creation have not changed.

(p. 14) Since I have attributes, I don't have time to show you a high-level one, so you can see something like this. Married people are happier than those who are not married, but married households are happier than two or three generations.
In terms of whether or not they have children, people with children have a higher level of happiness. These days, we are in an era when we don't have children, but I think it's fair to say that families that have children are evaluated as happy.

(p. 15) And if you look at annual income, 20 million yen is the form of the wall, the turning point that we saw this time. In the case of East Turrin's paradox, it is 20 million yen in the Japanese case, and both happiness and life satisfaction have a tendency to level off.
I thought it was interesting that it went down a bit at 100 million yen. Since the sample is small, I can't say for sure that it has gone down, but I think this data shows this.

(p. 16) And in terms of educational background, it goes without saying that people with higher educational background tend to have higher levels of happiness and life satisfaction.

(p. 17) This is also shown on the map, but the left side shows the degree of happiness by city, ward, town and village, and the right side shows it by prefecture. It is generally low in western Koto in everything. Hokkaido is very high, but other than that, there is a pattern of high in the west and low in the east.

(p. 18) This is life satisfaction.

(p. 19) Five years later.

(p. 20) And the level of happiness in the town.

(p. 21) And it is the situation of the evaluation of life that we are taking from this time.

(p. 22) How the five surveys are different is also important in practicing with local governments, so I have arranged them in this way.
As I will show you later for each segment, life satisfaction and happiness tend to run around the top, and happiness and life evaluation (life evaluation) five years later tend to run around the same, and it can be seen that the degree of happiness in the town is not very sensitive and is stable in a flat form.

(p. 23) Looking at it by segment, it is higher for women, and the degree of happiness in life is always running in the upper part, the life evaluation is almost tied to five years later, and it can be seen that there is not much change in the town.

(p. 24) If you look at Tokyo and areas other than Tokyo, life satisfaction is overwhelmingly high in Tokyo. However, other happiness levels are not much different, so compared to Tokyo, which is convenient, it can be seen that Japan as a whole is not so different when considering happiness levels and other aspects.

(p. 25) I think there is a big difference in the presence or absence of a spouse, but I think it will be a close match in the end.

(p. 26) It's the same with children. It's a little higher with children, but they usually come together at the end.

(p. 27) Annual income is a little interesting, and when it is divided by 20 million yen, it can be seen that there is a slight tendency for places over 20 million yen to be inverted U-shaped. I think it is also interesting that the degree of happiness comes to the top.
It is said that if you receive more than a certain amount of money, it gradually does not contribute to happiness, but I think that is what it suggests.

(p. 28) When it comes to 5 million yen, you can see the pure difference.

(p. 29) Academic background is also.

(p. 31) Let's start the analysis from here. First of all, let's start with the easiest one called correlation analysis. This time, there are four top-layer comprehensive indicators, and we have listed the top 10 correlations in each of them.
The ones underlined are the ones that are common to these four categories. Last year it was four, but this year it is increasing. Last year it was public space, high educational opportunities. This is a refresher for adults. Then it was accidental crime and trust in local government, but this year it is seven, including elementary and secondary education, raising children and creating businesses. Another characteristic is that a gray line is drawn horizontally at the bottom and writes what is omitted from the top ten. The connection with the community is completely omitted, and most of it is taken up by the satisfaction with the functions of the city and whether you can live in your own way. The natural environment was originally not included, so I think this is also a mental scene of the Japanese people now.

(p. 32) I've done this every time, but if you line up the items with the highest correlation coefficient from left to right, the order has changed somewhat. The other things that have changed are the rankings. The items that have gone up in order and the red parts that have gone down. However, the members haven't changed that much.
The natural environment tends to be popular, and the expression "cognitive bias" is used. The abundance of nature and consumer life do not necessarily go in the same direction, so this is a problem, but it has come out.

(p. 33) This is happiness. When it comes to life satisfaction, the correlation coefficient is higher because it is more immediate, but there is a similar tendency. However, with regard to the blessings of nature, there is an inverse correlation.

(p. 34) The degree of happiness in the town shows a tendency just between life satisfaction and happiness. It is not much different from last year.

(p. 35) In the life evaluation (life evaluation) that started this year, the part circled in red at the top notch contains people who are very similar to the degree of happiness. The fact that there are things similar to the degree of life satisfaction on the right side makes me feel that it is a hybrid evaluation.

(p. 36) The correlation between subjectivity and objectivity has been a troubling problem for a long time, and we have continued to improve it. At the end of this document, there is improvement, replacement and deletion of objective indicators shown in the previous report, and the results are shown.
On the left, the darker one is for this year, and the lighter one is for last year, and you can see the big improvement in the red box. Overall, it's improved quite a bit. The inverse correlation problem is almost gone, and self-efficacy, which was very tight in the form of voter turnout, has also gotten better with the addition of various things.

If you look at the correlation coefficient between the 24 factors (p. 37), it is almost the same as last year. Regional administration, public space, accidents and crime, the most fundamental part of life, and the blue part, abundance of educational opportunities, employment and income, business creation, these two tend to come out strongly.

(p. 38) Next is multiple regression. This is last year on the left and this year on the right.
If you look at this year's multiple regression, there are three remaining indicators, which are community relations, self-efficacy, and health status, but other general indicators that will follow will show almost the same things, so I think it is Japan's policy to add and subtract various things based on this standard.
The multiple correlation coefficient has not changed much, but the individual conversion coefficient has improved slightly.

(p. 39) This is life satisfaction. Movement and transportation also come in.

(p. 40) And here in the town, self-efficacy is included. The coordinated happiness on the right and self-efficacy are probably a bit far away. This is what does not come out.

(p. 41) The life and life evaluation added from this time consists of the same factors as the degree of happiness.

(p. 42) This is a little hard to see, but from this questionnaire, we are explicitly asking which factors are important in the policy area. That is on the horizontal axis. The vertical axis is the same as before, and it takes the correlation coefficient of happiness. It is on the upper right here.
The health status on the right side of the yellow dotted line is well shown in both sides, and I think Japanese people are healthy. What was circled in red, drawn a line, and explained with an arrow is what is said to be important in multiple regression, and I think the three major factors mentioned earlier, health, self-efficacy, and relationship with the community, are almost definite.

(p. 43) I have made a diagram of this. The upper part of the two gray levels is the layer of the composite index, and the vertical axis can be said to be mental, immediate, and material. If you map cognitive and cognitive, and emotional and emotional on the horizontal axis, I think you are generally hearing about this positioning.
If you look at the layers of each factor indicator below, those in the orange boxes are the top seven in terms of correlation coefficient. Looking down from the bottom, there are security, accidents, crime, public space, and local government, which are the foundations and infrastructure, then there are child-rearing, elementary and secondary education, and then there are business creation and rich educational opportunities.
On top of that, the ones in the green boxes are the ones that came out in the multiple regression, and I think they are the top 10 in the composition of health, self-efficacy, and community ties.
Among them, in this health status questionnaire, there was an explicit answer that it was important.

(p. 45) Another interesting attempt this time. The 11-step evaluation of the Cantril Ladder does not change much even if we take a questionnaire every year, so we raised the issue of what to do about this. In response to that, we came up with a recommendation from Yoshiki Ishikawa, who took the approach of looking back and evaluating last year's one, and adding or subtracting the difference between last year's satisfaction and this year's looking back satisfaction to this year's happiness level.

(p. 46) This is probably the easiest to understand if you look at the correction formula, but how to correct the happiness level after correction against the happiness level taken this year is an approach to show the difference when subtracting the happiness level last year from the happiness level last year when looking back.
If nothing is done, this year's happiness level will rise from 6.44 to 6.71, an increase of 0.27 compared to last year.
For life satisfaction on the right, this falls in the opposite direction by 0.05 to a landing of 6.63.

(p. 47) If you look at a graph of 23 wards and ordinance-designated cities, you can see that the red line is after the correction and the yellow line is before the correction, all the way to the top.
The blue line is the level of happiness before the correction last year.

(p. 48) I would like to hear your opinion on this, but the places where the evaluation was higher this year, for example, the places where the happiness level was higher than last year, will be corrected, that is, if you add the increase and decrease of the reevaluation looking back to 2024, the happiness level will be corrected in a downward or negative direction.
On the other hand, when it fell this year, it rose to a positive figure due to the correction, and the variance decreased and moved upward as a whole, so it is a situation that is settled roundly. Is this also a function of human cognition? I made this because it might be an interesting discovery.

(p. 50) And one more thing, Professor Hiroshi Suzuki and I decided to calculate GDW this time, so I calculated based on the life evaluation data.
If you look at the orange color is 7 or more now and 8 or more in 5 years, and the blue color is 4 or less now and in 5 years, it looks like this. This is based on prefectures. I think it is an interesting and new discovery that there are prefectures where the minus is quite up.

(p. 51) Similarly, between 23 wards and ordinance-designated cities, it can be seen that 23 wards are overwhelmingly higher.

(p. 52) By age, it is not much different that it is also U-shaped. I think that the place where women are high is almost the same.

Right now, what the Global Well-being Initiative has come up with is, "I feel happiness, I feel affluence," at the extreme right, 28, and "I don't feel happiness," at the extreme right, 15. Ours is 22, 17, so there are higher and lower ones.

(p. 54, 55, 56) I also created positive emotions and negative emotions in the same way. This is the trend value of the prefecture unit. Also, the trend value of ordinance-designated cities and 23 wards is roughly visible, but how to use this is a problem, I think it is a reference value.

(p. 57, 58) This can also be shown in the same way on the map, and I think that Seiko Totei is roughly similar.

(p. 59) In the data for Cabinet Office, there is a time gap between the heart and the things, and the way of measuring the time gap is a little different, so it is a matter of looking back that it cannot be compared directly.

(p. 60) In the same way, you can make a graph showing the high and low of each prefecture as to whether it is the mind or the thing. I think you can see that not all of the mind has shifted.
Then, regarding the correlation coefficient added this time, it turns out that eudaimonia has a lower correlation when it takes time to recover from a bad event, and that negative emotions have a lower correlation.

(p. 62) This time, I also used Word Cloud, but if you look at Japan as a whole, there are things you like about your town, and nature comes out on top. When talking about the correlation coefficient, it went to the right, but when I put it into words, nature comes out, and an interesting phenomenon is happening.

(p. 63) You can say all the words for each municipality, for example, Kamakura has the sea in the middle, Shibuya has convenience in the middle, Maebashi has disasters, Hirosaki has festivals and Kesennuma has the sea. Now that you can say this, you can add a little context to the data from this time.

(p. 64) On the other hand, when it comes to what should be improved in your own town, transportation comes out on top in Japan as a whole.

(p. 65) If you look at it by town again, the opposite side of Kamakura comes out as sightseeing and overtourism. Shibuya comes out as "expensive". I think that being able to see things in interesting situations will add color to various considerations by local governments in the future.

(p. 67) What I showed last time is that the average value of the so-called overall happiness level and the total amount of happiness of the whole town will be different, so if we take a policy of regional revitalization, will it be the happiness of the individual of the whole town?
I also raised the issue that we need to create an indicator that balances the well-being of the global environment, which is decarbonization, with the well-being of each individual.

(p. 68, p. 69) Data has been collected this time, so we are making it with this year's data.
If I show it in a different way like this, both have high spatial efficiency, high spatial efficiency of happiness, where people's happiness is compatible and where it's not

(p. 70) In the same way, regarding the environment, we are talking with local governments and the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism about holding workshops using this system, so that we can understand how much CO2 is emitted and how much happiness is created.

(Cover of Document 3)
Next, I would like to talk about the activities.

(p. 1, p. 2) Here are our activities. We will continue to "create local leaders," "expand the base," and then, in the form of an add-on to the standardized things we are creating, "add things unique to the local area," based on these three axes. In the form of qualitative and quantitative growth, we will "avoid vendor lock-in," and "create a situation where local governments themselves, not consultants, do it."

(p. 3) I am doing OASIS training myself, but it is six months later, so the number is increasing in about six months, but 36
Up to 670 people are now graduating from local governments. These people have become teachers and are being taught in various places. In short, I would like to tell you that they are gradually becoming independent.

(p. 4) The workshop is an extension of what I have been doing with Mr. Digital Agency, but at the same time as the number of local governments has increased, the number of participants has already exceeded 1,000. More and more people are talking to various people about well-being indicators.

(p. 5) Then, school. This includes only what I am doing, and I really have to include Mr. Maeno, but I only know my own numbers, so I put it like this. Since then, high school delivery classes have been increasing, and I have done two of them, but other people also go to high schools to deliver and teach.

(p. 6) Impact card games are also growing at a tremendous pace.

(p. 7) There are examples of graduates from the Chiiki Saisei Co Design Laboratory who have started their own training using OASIS training materials.

(p. 8) The Japan Facilitation Association also took a year to prepare, but more and more workshops are being rolled out regionally.

(p. 9) I think this is a training for Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications people, but there is a picture on the right. Mr. Tada, who is the first master, is active as a teacher. The bottom of the middle agenda is Mr. Inoue. He is taught as an exercise in creating a logic tree. I think that the number of teachers is really increasing.

(p. 10) In Cabinet Office, various studies have begun on how to link geospatial data collaboration infrastructure and well-being indicators. If so, I think that the era when geographic information and well-being data can be seen will come in a while.

(p. 12, p. 13) Tomorrow, Professor Maeno and others will take the stage at a special forum in Nikkei Hall. We will continue to advertise here as well.

(p. 14) Iwate Prefecture's Happiness White Paper I was interviewed this year and talked about the Well-Being index. About two years ago, Professor Maeno was interviewed, and I think that a community has been formed at the prefectural level.

(p. 15) During the Expo 2025, Saudi Arabian and UN-Habit talked about Japanese indicators.

(p. 17) The number of local governments has now reached 183. I think it means that it is growing steadily. I am glad that more and more places are not necessarily linked to the former Digita Grant.

(p. 18) In particular, Shizuoka Prefecture is doing it with the strong intention of the prefectural governor. Since the Deputy Governor was appointed as the Chief Well-being Officer for the first time at the prefectural level, and the Well-being Promotion Meeting at the level of all government agencies, it is doing something like a management meeting with the strings connecting vertically and horizontally.

(p. 19) If you look at the left side, this time's agenda starts with training, and then it is mandatory for each department to plan projects based on their well-being mission, which is covered by the so-called well-being budget and special budget. Young people can make bottom-up proposals, and the prefecture will also hold pitch events by companies. After that, we started the Well-Being Week, and the prefecture is working in a way that condenses all the good points of the well-being activities that have been done in various places.

(p. 20) Shizuoka Shimbun has set up a special site with local media to support it, and Public-Private Partnership is also making progress.

(p. 21) Maebashi also has a comprehensive plan.

(p. 22) It is worth noting that local governments themselves run workshops that include citizens. Post-it notes are attached at the bottom. They are made in workshops where citizens gather. They are announced to the mayor in the form of a dialogue with the mayor. The woman in the middle photo on the right is Mayor Ogawa, and the time has come when this is used for dialogue with the mayor.

(p. 23, p. 24, p. 25) In Matsukawa-machi, Nagano prefecture, it is very well studied and a comprehensive plan is made.

(p. 26) It is also being built in Sango-cho, Nara prefecture, with the participation of people from the Regional Revitalization Co Design Laboratory.

(p. 28, p. 29) Even in the academic world, Professor Inoue, Professor Maeno, Professor Yasui, Professor Takao, and Professor Satake have published a valuable paper that was the origin of our indicators on the far left. The center is Professor Karasawa of the University of Tokyo. He is a senior associate of Professor Uchida, and he is writing a paper by collecting data to add to our paper. On the right, he reported that his master's thesis at the graduate school of the University of Tokyo received the Excellence Award. He said that some young researchers are writing papers using the data.

(p. 29) In addition, various advertisements are being made in contributions and industry papers. The two on the right were written by Mr. Miyuki Suzuki, who was in Digital Agency until March.

(p. 31) The private sector is also engaged in various activities, and this is the previous material, but I proposed that we all build a foundation.

(p. 32, p. 33) As the first step, we will support local governments together with companies like those written here. Local governments say they want to use well-being indicators for their activities, but it is difficult to know what to do each time.
You will be able to use a dashboard to make sense of it. After that, I will make recommendations on the availability of this lineup of services in cooperation with the private sector.
It is up to the local government whether to adopt it or not, so we will create a private support system that will not be tied to something. Activities have begun to let people know what kind of services are available if they access where in the directory.

(p. 34, p. 35) TIS is one example, a participatory GIS. You take your smartphone and as you walk, you click on the place where it says well-being, and it appears in color on the map. There is something called Mapines in the UK. I made a proposal to see if we could do it in Japan. It is at the stage of making and demonstrating it. You can walk around the town, click on it, take a picture, and share where there was a well-being spot in the town.
That's all from me. Thank you very much.

Maeno Chair: Yes, Mr. Nagumo, thank you very much for the various and very detailed data. It was very interesting.
After this, there are still many agenda items. There will be an explanation from Mr. Higashihiroshima, an explanation from Mr. Digital Agency, an explanation from Mr. Hosono, and then an exchange of opinions. Everyone, there may be questions from Mr. Nagumo, but I have three more announcements, so I look forward to hearing from you.
Then Higashihiroshima city, please go ahead.

Higashi-Hiroshima City (Kurisu): Higashi-Hiroshima City, Yes, please.

(Appendix 4) I am Kurisu, General Manager of Corporate Strategy, Higashihiroshima City. Nice to meet you.
Today, I would like to talk about the utilization of the Well-Being index and the introduction of the General Manager in charge system.
First, I would like to briefly introduce Higashihiroshima City.

(p. 2) Hiroshima City is a neighboring town to the east of Hiroshima City with a population of approximately 190,000. Four universities, including Hiroshima University, are located in the town, and there are approximately 9500 foreigners from 110 countries. It is one of the few municipalities in western Japan (excluding ordinance-designated cities and prefectural capitals) with a growing population.

(p. 3) I would like to introduce three that are familiar to people nationwide and originated in Higashi-Hiroshima City. It is the manufacturing method called Ginjo-shu, and is the hometown of 100 yen shop Daiso. And Shine Muscat is improved by breeding here in Higashi-Hiroshima City.

(p. 4) First of all, as a background to focusing on well-being, when I visited the United States while working on town development in cooperation with universities, I was asked, "Why are you working on smart cities?" I realized that the introduction of technology alone is not enough.
When I met Mr. Nagumo around that time and received various advice as a smart city advisor, I came into contact with the concept of well-being. Based on the recognition that it is not a concept only for promoting smart cities but a concept that should be aimed at town planning and municipal government in general, I asked Mr. Nagumo to start with training for senior officials, implement OASIS training, and incorporate that concept into the comprehensive plan.
In addition, for the public, I have been working to raise awareness of the concept of well-being through lectures by Professor Maeno, who is from Hiroshima and a great senior to me in high school, and Mr. Ishikawa, who was born in Hiroshima Prefecture the following year.

(p. 5) In the 5th Comprehensive Plan, which was originally formulated in fiscal 2019, we used the logic tree to set up a group of cross-departmental projects by purpose. In the second basic plan, which was completed last year as the next comprehensive plan, we further incorporated the concept of well-being based on the efforts so far, and described the concept of indicators and the status of indicators in Higashihiroshima City.

(P. 6) In the midst of this, as we discussed measures organized by business group by purpose, those that gradually became necessary to be dealt with in a cross-organizational manner were raised as four priority themes in the comprehensive plan.

(P. 7) For each of the priority themes, one of which has been enlarged, related factors are listed from among the 24 factor groups as the main well-being indicators to be focused on (red box), and related measures are listed on the right side.

(p. 8) It is necessary to promote the Comprehensive Plan completed in this way steadily and with a sense of speed, and it was stated that measures, budgets, and organizations should be promoted in trinity.
As for the organization in particular, there is still a deep-rooted idea of vertical sectionalism in the organization, and in order to break through this, it has become necessary to have the authority to penetrate the organization horizontally. This may be a matter of course for private companies, but as a so-called matrix-type organization, we have introduced a manager system in charge of DX, women's activities, environmentally advanced cities, and regional coexistence, centered on the priority themes of the Comprehensive Plan that I explained earlier.

(p. 9) As shown in this image diagram, we have clearly indicated the missions that the General Managers in charge will focus on, and clarified their responsibilities and authority. In addition, we have established project teams consisting of General Managers of related departments and sections under each General Manager in charge, and will hold meetings for each project team within May of this year. If there is a project already being worked on, in addition to adjusting the related departments and sections, we will visualize and confirm the progress of the work for the year and examine new measures for the new fiscal year. In addition, since there are no working groups just by General Managers of departments and sections, we are establishing Director-General at the Deputy Director-General level and Section Managers at the Section Manager level to complement each project depending on the size of their mission and the project they are working on.
It was presented as an example of organizational reforms linked to the introduction of the well-being method.
That's all for the explanation.

Maeno Chair: Okay, thank you very much.
So there may be questions here as well, but let me move on.
Mr. Digital Agency will explain based on Material 5. Thank you.

Tada (Digital Agency): Ladies and gentlemen, (Document 5) Then, the secretariat will explain the policy of providing regional well-being index data based on Document 5.
This study group has held a variety of discussions on the promotion of the use of indicators, and the way data should be provided has been taken up as a very important issue.
Today, I would like to explain Digital Agency's policies on the provision of Well-Being indicators based on these opinions and background.

(p. 1) First of all, as Committee Member Nagumo mentioned earlier, the number of organizations using the index has increased to 183. So far, we have started using the index from organizations that have adopted Digita's Type 2/3, but we are now in a situation where many local governments as well as organizations that use subsidies are using the index.

(p. 2) Regarding the provision of data, there were some restrictions on the provision of Well-Being index data. Specifically, subjective data (questionnaire) could be downloaded in the form of deviation value for each local government from the dashboard screen, but it was not possible to download nationwide data at once.
We were concerned about the ranking of local governments, the creation of rankings, and the commercial use of them, and we took such a form. We had the advantage of avoiding the uploading of efforts to improve the well-being of each local government to it by easy comparison or misleading use.
However, on the other hand, it is also highly expected that the use of this data in academic fields will lead to the creation of new knowledge. Therefore, we have organized this data as one that will lead to in-depth exploration of regional issues, verification of policy effects, and new policy recommendations. Against this background, we have organized our data provision policy as described in today's materials.
Data can be broadly divided into two types: subjective data (questionnaire data) and objective data (open data). Each is classified into processed data and raw data, and arranged into four major types. The specific types of data and methods of provision are as follows.
First of all, as A, subjective data, questionnaire data, this is data processed into deviation values, etc. for each municipality. Next, B is raw data of subjective data (questionnaire). This is data for each respondent linked to the respondent attributes (gender, age, and area) without processing the questionnaire responses. Next is C. As processed data of objective data, this is objective data processed into deviation values, etc. for each municipality. Lastly, D is raw data of objective data (open data). This is raw data that has not been processed, including open data such as national censuses and urban monitoring sheets, as well as data provided by companies.
Among these data, regarding the processed data of the subjective data (questionnaire), A and B here, as I said earlier, on the current dashboard, it is possible to download at the local government level, but this time, based on the application, we will decide whether or not to provide it all at once nationwide.
As for objective data, in addition to open data such as census results and city monitoring sheets, we believe that it is necessary to carefully examine whether or not to provide each data. Therefore, we would like to discuss with Smart City Institute, a general incorporated association that acquires and owns each data, to organize the data that can be provided, and then consider providing it based on the application process.

(p. 3) This is about the process when you actually apply for the date, and we assume that we will set up a local well-being indicator data application form on the Digital Agency website in the future.
In this form, we will ask you to fill in the following information. First, the applicant information will be the applicant's own information, such as name, organization, phone number, and e-mail address. Next, as the reason for application, we will ask you to clearly understand the purpose for which your data will be used, and we expect you to choose it from the options or enter it specifically in free comments.
We assume that you will select the data you want to provide from data types A to D, which I explained earlier.
And the most important point is that it is on the bottom right, but consent to the terms of use is mandatory. Based on the history so far, this includes consent to items such as not using it for comparisons between local governments such as rankings and not using it for commercial purposes. By agreeing to these terms of use, we would like to prevent the inappropriate use of data, which has been a concern, and smoothly promote the provision of data.
We will determine whether or not to provide the submitted content after confirming the applicant's attributes and purpose of use. If we determine that it is possible to provide the data, we will provide the data. At this time, the wording and other details are still being adjusted, but we would like to build a better system for providing the data while receiving frank opinions from the committee members.

(p. 4) Samples of each data are attached on pages 4 to 7 of this document.

(p. 7) We believe that this arrangement of data provision policies is an important step in further promoting the use of the Well-Being index and promoting the creation of new knowledge for academic research and policy making. We will continue to work in cooperation with related organizations to extract the maximum value while ensuring the appropriate use of data.
If you have any questions or comments, please ask during the Q & A session later.
That's all from the secretariat.

Maeno Chair: Yes, thank you. Thank you for providing a very useful topic as well.
Next, Mr. Hosono, I would like to ask you to explain the outline of ISO25554 and your development efforts.

Mr. Hosono: Mr.
Appendix 6) Yes, thank you.
AIST's Dr. Hosono will give an overview of ISO25554 and the technical report (TR) that is currently under development.

(p. 2) First of all, I would like to briefly explain about ISO's TC314. The working group "well-being" that developed this international standard for well-being belongs to the expert committee called ISO / TC314 "Aging Society". This is a relatively new ISO expert committee that was established in 2017. Thirty countries from around the world are participating in the development of the standard, and in addition, 28 countries are participating as observers. By 2025, six international standards had already been developed, and now there are four more, and last week, in fact, one more, and there are five standards under development.
The purpose of the Expert Committee on the "Aging Society" is to support organizations that provide services to society and individuals by developing international standards to respond to the increasing social needs as the world becomes an aging society in the future, as the aging rate is increasing around the world.

(p. 3) One of the six international standards that have already been developed is the international standard for well-being, ISO25554. The Japanese title is "Aging Society-Guidelines for Promoting Well-Being in Communities, Companies, etc.," and a Japanese translation was recently published on June 16.
As for the development process, well-being was positioned as one of the key issues in TC314, and based on Japan's health management initiatives, Japan took the lead in developing and issuing it. The development period was about three years.
There are three main points of this international standard. The first point is that we should first clearly define the scope of "well-being" that communities should work on. When we say that an international standard on well-being has been developed, most people tend to imagine that a document defining what well-being is has been issued. However, point 1 is that it is completely different. One of the most important points of this international standard on well-being is that each community should clearly define what well-being is.
After that, in order to achieve well-being as the goal to be aimed for, the community itself should promote its promotion activities. Therefore, as the information contained in this guideline, it is stated in the guideline that by setting the components in a backcasting, first of all, what is the well-being to be aimed for, what are the specific results to be aimed for in achieving that well-being, and from there, how to evaluate whether the results have been achieved in the backcasting, how to measure the evaluation indicators, how to measure the indicators, and how to provide services that can affect the measurement targets, in this way, the backcasting should be designed.
The second point of the framework is that we will regularly check the effects and adjust the content, and work on it in a long-term sustainable manner. Regarding the promotion method designed in the backcasting format that I mentioned earlier, we will regularly check the PDCA cycle, or evaluation indicators, and if there is anything missing, we will properly improve the content. By checking whether it is progressing as scheduled, we will continuously check the effects, and by doing so, we are recommending that we work on it in a long-term sustainable manner.
The third point of the framework is that community leaders should take leadership and promote this initiative. In addition to the process guidelines mentioned in point 1 and point 2 above, this guideline also summarizes the important points to be considered when implementing the process, such as leadership and data management.
Among them, the most important thing is to build consensus with community members and stakeholders. In addition, since well-being cannot be achieved overnight, we need to promote organizational management to make our efforts sustainable, and we are focusing on leadership.
We have issued these guidelines, but the contents shown in points ①, ②, and ③ are said to be quite common.

(p. 4) The guidelines do not yet include clear information on how to actually promote well-being initiatives in their own communities based on the guidelines.
For example, in order to reach the concept of well-being defined in our community, what kind of specific outcomes, metrics, and indexes should be set? What kind of services should be provided to the members of the community in order to influence the index? How should we actually measure the indicators (that make up the index) in order to measure the impact of providing the service? Since we need specific reference materials, the next step in this 25554 that we are currently working on is

(p. 5) It is the development of this Technical Report (TR). As for the comparison number, TR25554-2 is currently being developed because it is positioned as Part II as a serial number, and is scheduled to be issued in 2027.
The purpose of this development, as I just briefly mentioned, is to deepen the understanding of 25554 frameworks, which are applicable to all communities but lack specific descriptions, and to promote their spread. We are developing this as a collection of examples of actual efforts in Japan and overseas related to well-being promotion.
The first point of this TR is to explain practical examples in various communities around the world in accordance with the framework of ISO 25554, which was published earlier. For example, when such a service is provided, building blocks that can be used together with such evaluation indicators, for example, how to implement such a service in the community, implementation procedures for initiatives, and other knowledge are explained in the same framework. By doing so, we aim to make it easier to share knowledge.
The second key point is to describe the contents of the 25554 Framework in detail based on practical examples from various communities, and to deepen understanding of the frameworks provided by the 25554 Framework by depicting the contents of the aforementioned leadership, how to build consensus on efforts within actual communities, and the design of elements to enhance the sustainability of efforts.
The document is currently being developed so that it can be referenced with increased granularity and resolution.

(p. 6) This is the latest information. Just last month, an international conference was held in the Republic of Korea (ROK), and a consensus was reached on the general framework of the text. We are now collecting specific examples.
The template for collecting case studies, which is currently shown here as a provisional version translated into Japanese, simply filling in the table for Q1 is a requirement.
I asked you to tell me about the overview of the community and your efforts to promote the well-being of community members. First, as the overview of the community, I asked you to select the country, type of community, local communities, companies, childcare and educational institutions, or others, and then I asked you to write down the main targets of your efforts as a member. Here, the expression "goals of efforts" is used, but this is so that those who have not read 25554 can collect examples, and the goals of well-being that I mentioned earlier are shown as goals of efforts on this template.
After that, we ask them to describe the actual content of their efforts, and when it is published as text, we ask them to include reference materials, related websites, and contact information of contact persons so that it is accessible to readers.
This is the minimum filling template.

(p. 7) As an option, as an analysis table for consideration at the ISO meeting, whether or not to actually include it in the TR, although this is originally done by committee members as a follow-up interview, it is prepared to show it in advance as an option.
For Q2, it says, "Please select one or more of the following characteristics that best describe your efforts, and rank them." This means that you are asked to select which part of your efforts is appalling when you publish it as a TR.
There are eight features divided here, but they are specifically listed in the 25554 framework. For example, "initiative design," "evaluation scheme," and "review and adjustment," which are about the PDCA cycle. Looking ahead to the latter half, "sustainable and effective promotion and management," "communication" for consensus building, "leadership" for promoting initiative operation, and "data management" for appropriately managing data, as well as brushing up on 25554, we have also prepared an item called "other" so that we can actively collect other elements not mentioned here. We plan to collect detailed explanations of any of them through follow-up interviews, etc., and reflect them in the actual text.

(p. 8) Lastly, regarding future TR development, based on this collection template, we have prepared a period for collecting and reviewing examples until the first half of 2026, and we are currently promoting efforts with the aim of having the draft international standard approved by the end of 2026 and formally entering into force in the spring of 2027.
This concludes my presentation. Thank you very much.

Maeno Chair: Thank you very much. Now that all the presentations have been made, we will have a Q & A session until 14:50. Committee members, I would like to ask for your frank opinions and questions. While you are thinking, first of all, I have a question for Professor Nagumo. I am interested in the fact that the correlation between subjective and objective self-efficacy has increased this time. What kind of improvement has been made?

Mr. Nagumo: Mr. material, but until now, the only objective indicator of self-efficacy has been the voting rate, but I've added leisure time and conversely, factors that lower self-esteem. I've been looking for what kind of indicator would fit by repeatedly adding and subtracting, but this time, I've added the number of unemployed and the number of divorced people to the objective indicators.

Maeno Chair: I see. How are these indicators weighted?

Mr. Nagumo: Mr. The deviation values for each indicator are simply averaged without arbitrary weighting.

Maeno Chair: I don't know how to do it mathematically, but there may be a method to increase the weight of highly correlated data or something like that.

Mr. Nagumo: Mr. That's right. I think there is room to consider such an approach step by step.

Maeno Chair: , do you have any questions or comments? Mr. Koga, please.

Dr. Koga: . Thank you very much for your presentation.
I have a question in Document 1 and a suggestion or comment in Document 4.
First of all, regarding Mr. Nagumo's presentation in Handout 1, I think there was a presentation that "blessings of nature" had an inverse correlation. In the word cloud at the end of the handout, I think the keyword "nature" was emphasized in some regions. Please tell us if you can think of any reasons for this difference in the analysis.
Regarding the proposal on data provision in Document 4, I think it would be good to be able to list what kind of people did what kind of research with what kind of data. One thing we can do for that is to make the content of the application form a little richer and have people enter the information they want to know as mandatory fields, making it easier for data users to share. The other is to compile already published papers in the same format, for example, in the form of a press release, and share them. I thought that doing this would also promote academic research and networking among researchers. I myself am involved in the same dataset that is being studied by many people, and I would be happy if there was such a platform.

Mr. Nagumo: Mr. Yes. Thank you very much.
With regard to your question about Exhibit 1, I think that the correlation coefficient is potentially the deepest part of the mind that can be seen from the data, but I feel that there is a Japanese norm that the word "nature" comes out when you explicitly say "put it in words".
In addition, the correlation coefficient is based on the data of Japan as a whole, but Word Cloud is based on the data of local governments, so I think there is a tendency for "nature" to appear in local cities.
In any case, the fact that nature does not immediately come out of one's head as a cognitive bias has been a challenge for some time, and there is only a sense of challenge that something must be solved between it and "environmental symbiosis".

Dr. Koga: Thank you,

Maeno Chair: .

Tada (Digital Agency): Ladies and gentlemen, Thank you for your valuable proposal. We will use it as a reference when we consider the details of the application form and how to share the usage record and results.

Dr. Koga: , thank you very much. In the immediate future, there may not be such a need, but when many people start using it, I think such a platform will surely be necessary. Thank you in advance.

Maeno Chair: Yes, thank you. I may not be in a position to answer Professor Koga's question, but as I have said before, there are many studies that show that the natural environment has an effect on happiness. However, from a macro perspective, it is not true that people living in rural areas with abundant nature are generally happy. If we change the survey method a little, I think there will be a correlation. I think Professor Uchida has also said this before. That's all I have to say. Next, Mr. Inoue, please.

Dr. Inoue: Thank you very much, Dr. . Nice to meet you.
I would have liked to have your comments and confirmation on Documents 2, 4, and 6. First of all, Dr. Nagumo's Document 2 is a very interesting document, and I looked at it with great interest. Among them, is the Word Cloud date published somewhere? If it is published, I would like to see the date for each municipality. I would also like to see the date for verification test using TIS's app if it is published at this time.
Next, I would like to confirm about Document 6. Did you talk about the method of distributing questionnaires at the ISO, the method of collection, and the schedule around this?
Finally, regarding Handout 4, I would like to ask a person from Higashihiroshima City. I think you mentioned that the department manager system has been removed and cross-organizational activities have been created. In order to expand these activities to other local governments, etc., I would be happy if you could tell me a little more about the process that led to it, the key factors, and the points of success.

Mr. Nagumo: Mr. Yes. Word Cloud is at the stage of being taken for the first time in this questionnaire, so it has not yet become a dashboard. First of all, we would like to post it on the dashboard of the Smart City Institute.
As for the participatory GIS of TIS, although the application has been completed, we are at the stage of considering how to implement it in the future while running it on a limited basis due to privacy issues and other issues. If this application is used by everyone in the future, I think we will be able to create new innovations.

Dr. Inoue: Thank you very much, Dr. I understand the current situation. I think both Word Cloud and TIS's application will be interesting materials for research. When do you plan to release Word Cloud?

Mr. Nagumo: Mr. It depends on our physical strength, but we hope to be able to release it around the end of summer.

Dr. Inoue: Thank you very much, Dr. Word Cloud, keywords such as "nature" and "sea" appear at the individual local government level, so from these trends, I thought that there might be a hint to clear another challenge, such as how to ask about the abundance and blessings of nature to see if there is a little more correlation. I am really looking forward to this, so please take care of it.

Mr. Nagumo: Mr. Yes. I would like to work with you on the joint research.

Dr. Inoue: Thank you very much, Dr. , what about Exhibit 6?

Mr. Hosono: Mr. . Thank you for your question.
The future schedule is shown on the last slide of Material 6. We are currently collecting examples based on the template. The first deadline is scheduled to be the end of April 2026. At the international conference in Korea in June, WG4, the working group on well-being, will be held. We have just prepared to distribute the template to the participating countries and the participating countries of TC314. In fact, we are about to distribute the template, and we are calling for applications from each country through ISO members.
For Japan, basically I will be the point of contact, and it is the agreement of all the members of the international conference that after collecting it by distributing it to various places, the final review of the contents will take place.

Dr. Inoue: Thank you very much, Dr. , what kind of announcement method are you considering? Do you have any thoughts on what kind of channel will be used?

Mr. Hosono: Mr. Yes. Basically, we will distribute this template to the members of the Japanese Committee, including Mr. Nagumo, and ask them to distribute it to places they have in mind. I am also thinking of distributing it as a PL for TR development as widely as possible.

Dr. Inoue: Thank you very much, Dr. I see, I would like to be involved in areas such as industry and companies, if I can be of assistance.

Mr. Hosono: Mr. Thank you very much.

Dr. Inoue: Thank you very much, Dr. Finally, I would be happy if I could hear from Mr. Higashihiroshima City about such points and other difficulties. What do you think?

Higashi-Hiroshima City (Kurisu): Higashi-Hiroshima City, Thank you very much. If you set up groups of businesses by purpose and think about measures by backcasting, it will take some time, but it will be more or less controlled by one department. If you think about measures based on well-being indicators, the scope will expand and various things will happen beyond the authority of each director in charge. I think that the active participation of women is exactly such a case. If so, the director in charge will hesitate and draw a line around the scope of authority like "My scope is up to here". If so, although it is not a potential hit, there will be many gray areas. I think it will be the deputy mayor who will deal with them, but there is a time limit. Therefore, this time, we will clarify the authority and mission, and we will set up that you are not the director in charge, but a full-time director who will work across the board. This is our image. We have just started, so we still see a lot of transfer of authority, but we will do our best from now on.

Dr. Inoue: Thank you very much, Dr. . I understand that various issues will arise in the future as it is about to be developed. I hope to hear from you again when the points become clear as the discussion progresses.

Maeno Chair: Thank you very much. Then, Mr. Ota, please start.

Member OTA: . In addition to the steady accumulation of training results, I think it is wonderful that data disclosure will also progress in the future.
I would like to make one proposal regarding information sharing. In material 3, regarding OASIS training, although it is not a municipality listed here, I would like to talk about Unnan City in Shimane prefecture.
Unnan City is known throughout the country for its small-scale, multifunctional, community-based organizations called local autonomous organizations and local management organizations. It is also known for the growing number of social enterprises. For example, this year, there is an organization called ETIC, which is training probably the largest number of social entrepreneurs in the country. A national convention for ETIC will be held in Unnan City in October, and Zebra Company is working in cooperation with local zebra companies. Partly because of this, even though the population is a little less than 40000, there are many local governments that want to visit and learn from it. This Unnan City has submitted its third comprehensive plan (fiscal 2025 to fiscal 2034) this year, and has set up a vision called "Well-being for All Yunnan." Not only the citizens of Yunnan but also the whole community, including nature, will be happy, and a 10-year plan has started this fiscal year. As I said earlier, there are many citizen activities by local autonomous organizations. They are small-scale, multifunctional, and work on topics such as education, transportation, and nature that are related to well-being. It is also in Unnan City that the community nurse was born to create more and more companies that are social. I think it is quite interesting not only because it is a good example, but also because people want to learn from what is being done in Unnan City from a qualitative point of view. I think it would be very interesting to hold training at such a place and have people from other regions come and see it, so I would like to share and propose it.

Maeno Chair: Yes. Thank you. Next, Mr. Uchida, please.

Mr. Uchida: , I have a question for you and a favor to ask you about ISO.
Nagumo-san, thank you very much. All of them are very interesting and I have something I would like to ask, but I will get back to you on that. I would like to ask one question related to the fact that the correlation between objective and subjective indicators has improved. As expected, there are some problems with the topic of nature, and I wonder if there is room for improvement in the future for the nature items in the subjective indicators. Looking at the questionnaire, the nature items in the subjective indicators are vague questions, and I think that this is one of the reasons for the low correlation between subjectivity and objectivity. Currently, there are questions such as beautiful natural scenery, rich natural environments, and clean air, but in the actual relationship with nature, I think there are both positive and negative aspects, and there is a possibility that these are traded off. Actually, there is an analysis that people who have contact with rich natural environments have higher well-being, but that is a matter of individual differences, and I think that the current situation is that it is contradictory to something like urban variables when viewed as a whole area. In that sense, what we imagine as a rich natural environment in the current item is a stereo-type that cannot be experienced in urban areas, such as a beautiful river with flying fireflies.
However, I also feel that there is a diversity of nature. For example, even in Tokyo, there are places where greenery is maintained, such as beautiful roadside trees. In Kyoto, for example, even in an urban area, I feel that the scenery of the Kamo River and the mountains in the distance have some kind of effect. On the other hand, for people who are close to nature and have to manage the mountains themselves, I think that nature can conversely have an impact such as a sense of burden. Based on this, I would like to ask if there is any room to break down the subjective questions a little more. What do you think?

Mr. Nagumo: Mr. Yes. Thank you very much. In conclusion, as you said, I think it is better to evolve. Until now, we have not revised the questions because they are unproven questions based on the prior research of Dr. Uchida and Dr. Maeno. However, if you also recognize that evolution is necessary, we have obtained your permission, and I would like to enter a mode in which we can all think about evolution. I feel that we have entered an era in which we need to raise the resolution of how we think about the relationship between the blessings of nature and items such as natural disasters and environmental symbiosis.

Mr. Uchida: Thank you very much. I also feel that it is necessary to update it while collecting and analyzing data like this. I wonder if it is necessary to improve the resolution of the variety. Now is a very difficult time, and various ways of thinking are emerging, so I thought it would be good to make efforts to improve the resolution of that. Thank you very much.

Mr. Nagumo: Mr. , I think we need to consider both the aspect of Japan becoming poorer and losing the ability to care for others, and factors such as the emergence of a new definition of diversity. I would like to work with you on this as well.

Mr. Uchida: Yes, please. Thank you very much.
Also, regarding ISO, there is an issue on page 4 about how to measure indicators. I think we are at the stage of collecting examples by listening to the efforts of various communities. Am I correct in understanding that we are trying to use the Well-Being index that we were discussing now as an indicator?
Or is this a completely different matter? Please tell us about this point.

Mr. Hosono: Mr. Yes. The TR itself is intended to summarize the efforts that are being made in Japan and overseas and share knowledge with everyone, so I think it will be an introduction that there are such indicators. However, it is already up to the TR readers to decide how to implement them in a way that is appropriate for their community.

Mr. Uchida: I see. Thank you very much.
Because it is ISO, I think that it will eventually be related to standards and criteria, so I thought that it would be good to reduce the information well and reflect it in the measurement index. Thank you very much.

Mr. Hosono: Mr. Yes. Thank you very much. In fact, we are in the process of considering what to do next. If you don't mind, we would appreciate it if we could continue our discussion.
Thank you,

Maeno Chair: Yes, thank you. Mr. Ota, do you have your hands up again?

Member OTA: . Briefly speaking about the nature that you mentioned earlier, I am working on environmental and nature open data at Civictech called Code for Japan, so I would like to share two points with you.
Cabinet Office regularly surveys the degree of recognition of bio-diversity. At the time of COP10, 15 years ago, the recognition rate jumped to about 60%, but it has been steadily declining for more than 10 years since then, and now it is about 50%. Moreover, only a little more than 20% of those 50% know the term bio-diversity and can explain it properly. On the other hand, the degree of recognition of climate change is almost 100%, and the degree of recognition and understanding of nature has been quite low compared to climate change. However, it is true that according to a survey conducted in 2023 or 4 years, the degree of recognition has recovered to about 60%. Since last year, listed companies have begun to report the impact of their business activities on nature in the form of TNFD. Based on this trend, I think it is necessary to review the index in the future.
The other is that, since two years ago, Ministry of the Environment has been certifying a site called "Coexistence with Nature," "30by30," which is aimed at 2030. It is related to the gap between the image of nature and objective indicators, but it is so-called indicator organisms. It is said that it is very concrete and easy to understand to look at things such as how environments are getting better or worse when these organisms are present. In particular, the Nature Conservation Society of Japan (NACS-J) is promoting the use of indicator organisms in nature observation. One idea is that if we incorporate these indicator organisms, such as birds, animals, and insects, into the indicator, it could be a little more concrete than talking about air or water. That is all.

Maeno Chair: Yes, thank you very much. There certainly seems to be many possibilities.

MIURA Director-General: Murakami. Thank you very much for today.
There are several points I would like to confirm. First, in relation to Nagumo's Document 2, I think it is very wonderful that the correlation was raised by revising some of the objective indicators this time. On the other hand, the first point is how to secure the continuity as a continuous indicator or how to disclose it.
Second, I would like to ask the person in Higashihiroshima City. On the last page of the document, there is a parenthesized image of the department manager system. On the previous page, there is an expression "under each department manager." Is it correct to understand that the department manager in charge is the existing general affairs department manager who is also in charge of business strategy and can give instructions to, for example, the financial department or the regional development department? Or more precisely, is it correct to understand that there are six department managers in charge and they are responsible for their respective fields across departments? Furthermore, I would like to know about the chain of command when doing the work of other departments in that case. For example, can you give instructions or orders to the section manager in that department? That is my second question.
The third question is related to ISO. On page 6, there are types of communities and members. I would like to ask you whether this question is made assuming a pattern of promoting well-being in a partial aggregate of community types, not all members, or whether the community is of various sizes, companies, and childcare / educational institutions, and whether it is designed to raise the overall well-being of each. I would like to confirm these three points. Thank you.

Mr. Nagumo: Mr. In response to your first question, I think that both subjective and objective indicators will inevitably change with the times, and I think it is inevitable. In light of this, I think the decision on whether or not to make a retrospective restatement is based on usefulness and cost. Some of the data are objective data that did not exist in the past.
This time as well, objective indicators include data that did not exist before, such as the "30by30" and children's cafeterias that Mr. Ota mentioned. Therefore, there is a limit to how far we can go in the past to reorganize data. I think it is a question of how useful it is, how necessary and useful it is, and who pays the costs.
My sense is that there are probably not many people who want to go back and look at the current baseline data for all the indicators, but only those who want to go back and look at the selected KPIs.

MIURA Director-General: Thank you very much. So, in your opinion, Nagumo san, you want to disclose how something has changed in the evaluation index, but you don't need to conduct a retrospective re-evaluation at a cost. I understand.

Higashi-Hiroshima City (Kurisu): Higashi-Hiroshima City, . Regarding your first question, whether the director in charge is a concurrent post, this is not a concurrent post but a completely separate post. In the General Affairs Department, there are directors in charge of management strategy, digital transformation promotion, and crisis management, who are at the level of general managers, and there is no relationship between the general manager of the General Affairs Department and each director in charge. Although they belong to the General Affairs Department, they exist at the level of general managers in parallel, and they directly seek instructions from the deputy mayor.
The second point is whether the department manager in charge can directly give instructions to the section managers in charge of other departments. Strictly speaking, we cannot give instructions, but we would like to make it possible to give instructions within the project team by working as a project team.
It just started in April, so I think the actual situation is that each manager in charge and the manager in charge are both holding back and moving forward.

MIURA Director-General: I understand very well. I have also served as vice mayor, and from that perspective, I wanted to know how to operate this system. It is a new initiative, and I hope it will lead to good results.

Mr. Hosono: Mr. , I would like to respond to your question about ISO. In the template I have shared now, elderly people, all local residents, employees, students, etc. are shown as examples, but to make it easier to understand, I would like to take up both the population approach and the high-risk approach comprehensively, and the target of the members is thought to be.
Therefore, even if the type of community is a local community, for example, there may be a case where a high-risk approach is taken in the form of a person who is caught in a metabolic syndrome screening. This template was created with the idea of creating awareness of local well-being and culture for all residents in the entire community.

Maeno Chair: Yes. Thank you very much. Nice to meet you, Mr. Koizumi.

KOIZUMI: , Thank you very much again for the excellent materials. Mr. Nagumo's materials were also very excellent, and I learned a lot about the initiatives of the general manager in charge and the standard initiatives. Thank you very much.
One point, which I mentioned last time, is about the indicator of the total amount of happiness divided by the residential area. That is what I am concerned about. For example, can you make a simple scatter diagram of population density and happiness? I wonder if it would be better to present it and compare the situation of the diagram with this figure. What do you think?

Mr. Nagumo: Mr. Yes, it can be done in any way. There are only four variables, that is, the area multiplied by the score of the level of happiness and the length of healthy life expectancy, multiplied by the population and divided by the residential area. So, it can be done in any way as to where and how to show it. It can be shown in the same way as the decomposition of ROE, which is often used in corporate management. The only thing I would like to convey is, for example, if there are two cities, A City and B City, and the residential area is the same, and the score of well-being is also 6.5, when I say that the population of A City is 1 and that of B City is 1000, I feel that these two cities are different from each other in terms of whether they are the same as spaces that create happiness. In particular, when the population decreases and the city becomes a city with a possibility of disappearing, the people who have decreased are not counted in the well-being of the city, so I thought about spatial efficiency. The equation incorporates the perspective of population density, but it is interesting to cut it out and analyze it. In fact, when it becomes overpopulated, the big fans of the city (residents with a happiness level of 9,10) fall off. I would be grateful if I could raise the resolution of that and transform it into something that can be used with the teachers. You can think of it as a question raised in this way.

KOIZUMI: by the residential area, you multiply it by the density of the population. But this leads to the idea that the higher the density of the population, the better, which is a bit questionable.

Mr. Nagumo: Mr. That is not the case. When the population density becomes too high, the level of happiness falls and forms a U-shaped curve.

KOIZUMI: , I think that in discussions with the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism in particular, it would be better to simply show the relationship between population densities and the level of happiness of individuals. This is because there are really people who say, for example, that the higher the population densities, the better. In that case, for example, it may be said that it is good to sell more and more tawamans. I think that there is a possibility of causing such a misunderstanding. Certainly, I think that there are things that can be said from this figure about the difficulties of depopulated areas, so I don't mean that this figure is completely useless, but I thought that it would be good to simply show the relationship between population densities and the level of happiness. Similarly, regarding carbon footprints, I thought that it would be better to first simply look at the relationship between carbon footprints and the level of happiness.
In addition, when comparing local governments, it may be effective to simply look at the relationship between per capita fiscal expenditure and sense of happiness.

Mr. Nagumo: Mr. , I understand what you are trying to say. The communication is a bit difficult, but I think I understand what you are trying to say. Am I correct in understanding that you pointed out that it would be easier for everyone to understand if we break down the elements and build them up, rather than just jumping one step?

KOIZUMI: That's right. You were particularly concerned about that when you submitted it to the ministries and agencies.
Can I ask one more question? I think it is very wonderful that you are promoting the disclosure of data, and I also thought that Professor Koga's proposal was important. I thought that if the related people could list what research results are available in a similar format, new initiatives utilizing this data would spread more and more, so I wanted you to consider it. That's all.

Tada (Digital Agency): Ladies and gentlemen, , Thank you very much. We will continue to listen to your opinions and consider this matter. Thank you very much.

Maeno Chair: Okay. Thank you very much. Do you have any other questions? Let me just give you a quick recap.
I would like to begin with Mr. Nagumo's presentation. As expected, over the years, data has been accumulated and improvements have been made, and various interesting data have been obtained. Various areas that need to be improved have also been identified. Finally, as Professor Koizumi said, I think it will be easier to understand if you look at Mr. Nagumo's data together with basic macro data. There is a large amount of data, and it will be difficult just to analyze it, but I hope you will make use of it.
In that sense, it is also wonderful that people in Digital Agency are thinking about how to utilize it, and that various researchers are doing various research using the same data, and that researchers and local governments are also improving through friendly competition. Today, many people from local governments are listening to us, and we are looking forward to further developing the merits of our town. Of course, it is important to improve the bad points compared to other cities, but it is important for each local government to show its own individuality and pursue its own form of happiness. As you mentioned today, I don't think it is good to be ranked first or bad to be ranked last. In that sense, I think it is wonderful if this data is used in an appropriate or good way.
Also, the Higashihiroshima city government has established a very clear organization. I am very happy that such a move has come out. In any case, since Digital Agency's initiative started, logic models and happiness surveys have evolved in various municipalities, and we as researchers have been very stimulated.
In closing, I would like to touch upon the topic of the ISO. Generally speaking, the ISO has an image of European countries making their own favorable specifications. However, I think it is truly wonderful that Sato-san and Hosono-san of the National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST) are playing a central role in the ISO on well-being. I believe that as more examples are collected, Japanese examples will become guideposts for the creation of well-being around the world. Even I, the chair of the meeting, am very pleased to see that through the discussions among many local governments, Digital Agency, and researchers from various fields, the relationship between digitalisation and well-being is progressing.
There are still people who do not know about this experiment, so I hope that we can create a society where everyone gets to know more and everyone aims for well-being together.
So, it was very informative for me as well, as Mr. Uchida said, and I would also like to take a closer look at Mr. Nagumo's large amount of data and ask him questions thoroughly, so I would appreciate it if you could help me.
So, thank you very much to everyone who made a presentation today, to everyone who asked questions, to the experts who did not ask questions, and to the local governments who were in the audience. If there is anything that the local governments don't understand, they will answer if you ask Digital Agency, Nagumo, Inoue-san, or any other person. We have accumulated a lot of know-how, so I hope that they will work together sideways and diagonally to create a happy local government. I hope that we will work together. I look forward to working with you.
From now on, under Miura-san, I hope Digital Agency will do his best, and we can team up. So, without further ado, I would like to give the microphone to Digital Agency.

MIURA Director-General: Thank you very much.
In closing, as Professor Maeno mentioned, I believe that this initiative was carried out by my predecessor, Mr. Murakami, with a strong will. In that sense, I am sure that you may be worried about what will happen in the future. However, I have personally been very interested in well-being or happiness more than before, and I will continue to work hard on it. In addition, as an organization called Digital Agency, I would like to create an organization that can continue to work hard even after the person in charge changes.
On the other hand, while saying that, I would like to make it an exciting work so that it does not become a so-called bureaucratic work, so I would like to continue to receive guidance.
I would like to comment on the closing remarks. First of all, thank you very much for Mr. Nagumo's huge amount of data. In particular, the addition of lifestyle evaluation data that you introduced at the beginning, especially the awareness of international comparisons, is really wonderful.
When we explain to various places, we are often asked how these well-being indicators are created or what kind of comparability there is. In that sense, I am very happy that the internationally comparable date has been further strengthened, and I would like to thank Mr. Nagumo for his hard work, including the analysis he introduced. The OASIS training seems to be making steady progress, and in terms of introducing Digital Agency's projects, we have also started to work on introducing and dispatching facilitators to local governments. Digital Agency would like to work with SCI-Japan to further spread the well-being indicators.
And thank you very much, Mr. Kurisu of Higashi Hiroshima City. I understood very well, and as I said a little earlier, in the sense of how to solve the problems within the city hall, I think it is a very excellent and pioneering initiative. I hope you will tell me in some way how you enjoyed doing this, and I think it will be helpful in the future.
Lastly, I would like to conclude my remarks by saying that ISO is yet another new initiative, and I believe that it is an extremely challenging task in the sense that we will be communicating this to the world. I hope that we will be able to create this initiative well and communicate it to the world, in the sense that we must be both a leader in addressing issues and a leader in solving them. That will be all from me on behalf of Digital Agency and the Caribbean.
Thank you very much for your time today.

Tada (Digital Agency): Ladies and gentlemen, , thank you very much for taking the time out of your busy schedules to attend today's meeting. With this, I would like to conclude the ninth meeting of the Expert Panel. We will consider holding the next meeting around autumn. I look forward to working with you.

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